Animated demonstration of the whole process of tunnel construction
Five steps of tunnel construction: Tunnel construction is the abbreviation of New Austrian Tunnel Construction Method. It is a reasonable construction method proposed by Austrian scholars from the perspective of rock mechanics in the long-term practice of tunnel construction. It is a new engineering construction method formed by a system composed of technology, monitoring and measurement, etc., and rock mechanics theory.
Five steps of tunnel construction: Tunnel construction is the abbreviation of New Austrian Tunnel Construction Method. It is a reasonable construction method proposed by Austrian scholars from the perspective of rock mechanics in the long-term practice of tunnel construction. It is a new engineering construction method formed by a system composed of technology, monitoring and measurement, etc., and rock mechanics theory.
The five steps of tunnel construction include:
Tunnel section and portal construction, tunnel excavation construction, tunnel primary support, tunnel waterproof layer construction, and secondary lining construction. The secondary lining is the molded concrete or reinforced concrete lining applied on the inner side of the primary support in the tunnel engineering construction and forms a composite lining together with the primary support.
1. Before construction, the engineering geological and hydrogeological data provided by the design should be analyzed and understood in detail, the construction investigation should be carried out in-depth and meticulously, the corresponding construction plan and measures should be formulated, relevant equipment and materials should be prepared, and the construction organization design should be carefully prepared and implemented. Make the project achieve the purpose of safety, high quality and high efficiency.
2. When constructing tunnels in special geological areas, the guiding principle should be “water control first, short excavation, weak blasting, strong support, early lining, frequent inspection, and steady progress”. When selecting and determining the construction plan, safety should be the premise, and factors such as tunnel engineering geology and hydrogeological conditions, section type, size, embedding depth, construction machinery and equipment, construction period, and economic feasibility should be considered comprehensively.
3. When the mining method is used for the tunnel’s primary support, the surrounding rock support is generally divided into primary support and secondary lining. The secondary lining is generally a concrete or reinforced concrete structure. Before the secondary lining is constructed, the form of support carried out immediately after the excavation is called primary support, and generally includes shotcrete, shotcrete plus anchors, shotcrete anchors, and steel frame combined support, etc. After excavation of the tunnel, in order to control the stress release and deformation of the surrounding rock in an appropriate amount, increase the safety of the structure and facilitate the construction, immediately after the excavation of the tunnel, a structural layer with low stiffness and a part of the permanent load-bearing structure will be constructed.
