CN
EN
The Development of China Railways
May 29, 2021
he China railway is a form of transportation within China. It is an important national infrastructure and a popular means of transportation. It is in the backbone of China's comprehensive transportation system.
China railway was built in the Qing Dynasty, after more than a century of construction and development, till August, 2000, China's total high-speed railway mileage of 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world, the national railway double-track rate and electrification rate were 60% And 70%, ranking second and first in the world respectively .
Till August, 2000, China railway mileage reached 14.14 million km, of which high-speed rail 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world. On August 3rd, " a new era of rail transportation powers ahead Plan ", outline clear, to 2035 , the national railway network operating mileage of 20 or so million km, of which high-speed railway is about 70,000 km .
The China railway is a form of transportation within China. It is an important national infrastructure and a popular means of transportation. It is in the backbone of China's comprehensive transportation system.
China railway was built in the Qing Dynasty, after more than a century of construction and development, till August, 2000, China's total high-speed railway mileage of 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world, the national railway double-track rate and electrification rate were 60% And 70%, ranking second and first in the world respectively .
Till August, 2000, China railway mileage reached 14.14 million km, of which high-speed rail 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world. On August 3rd, " a new era of rail transportation powers ahead Plan ", outline clear, to 2035 , the national railway network operating mileage of 20 or so million km, of which high-speed railway is about 70,000 km .
Early twists and turns
China railway construction began in the late Qing Dynasty. During the Qing government building railways ( 1876-1911 ), China built about 9,400 km of railways .
China railway was built in the Qing Dynasty, after more than a century of construction and development, till August, 2000, China's total high-speed railway mileage of 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world, the national railway double-track rate and electrification rate were 60% And 70%, ranking second and first in the world respectively .
Till August, 2000, China railway mileage reached 14.14 million km, of which high-speed rail 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world. On August 3rd, " a new era of rail transportation powers ahead Plan ", outline clear, to 2035 , the national railway network operating mileage of 20 or so million km, of which high-speed railway is about 70,000 km .
The China railway is a form of transportation within China. It is an important national infrastructure and a popular means of transportation. It is in the backbone of China's comprehensive transportation system.
China railway was built in the Qing Dynasty, after more than a century of construction and development, till August, 2000, China's total high-speed railway mileage of 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world, the national railway double-track rate and electrification rate were 60% And 70%, ranking second and first in the world respectively .
Till August, 2000, China railway mileage reached 14.14 million km, of which high-speed rail 3.6 million km, ranking first in the world. On August 3rd, " a new era of rail transportation powers ahead Plan ", outline clear, to 2035 , the national railway network operating mileage of 20 or so million km, of which high-speed railway is about 70,000 km .
Early twists and turns
China railway construction began in the late Qing Dynasty. During the Qing government building railways ( 1876-1911 ), China built about 9,400 km of railways .
After entering the Republic of China, despite the country’s decline and the people’s poverty and years of war, China’s railway situation has remained unchanged. During the Nanjing Kuomintang government's railway construction period ( 1928-1948 ), mainland China had built a total of about 13,000 km of railways; by 1949, there were 4,069 locomotives in China , which came from more than 30 factories in 9 countries , and there were many types of locomotives. There are 198 species.
Oct 1, 1949, after the founding of new China, this year a total of repairs to restore the 8278 km of railways; at the end of 1949, the national railway operating mileage amounted to 2.1810 million km, passenger converted turnover 314.01 billion ton-km. June 18, 1952, the first direct train between Manzhouli to Guangzhou opened, in passed the entire 4600 km smoothly; at the end of 1952, the national railway mileage increased to 2.2876 million km, passenger converted turnover reached 80.224 billion km.
July 1, 1952 , the new China's first railway - Chengdu-Chongqing Railway opened to traffic success.
Oct 1, 1949, after the founding of new China, this year a total of repairs to restore the 8278 km of railways; at the end of 1949, the national railway operating mileage amounted to 2.1810 million km, passenger converted turnover 314.01 billion ton-km. June 18, 1952, the first direct train between Manzhouli to Guangzhou opened, in passed the entire 4600 km smoothly; at the end of 1952, the national railway mileage increased to 2.2876 million km, passenger converted turnover reached 80.224 billion km.
July 1, 1952 , the new China's first railway - Chengdu-Chongqing Railway opened to traffic success.
In the beginning of 1953 , the country entered a period of planned development of the national economy. To 1980, China railway after 5 " Five-Year Plan " construction, has made brilliant achievements. At the end of 1980, the operating mileage of railways had reached 499.4 million km, the national railway network framework had basically been formed, and the passenger-cargo conversion turnover had reached 708.7 billion ton-km.
December 18-22th, 1978, the CPC convened the Third Plenary Session. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party opened a new chapter in the history of the party and the country. It was a great turning point in the history of our party since the founding of the People's Republic of China. The national economy has also entered a new period of development.
September 9-11th, 1982, the CPC second session of the Congress held in Beijing. The meeting pointed out that " rail transportation has become an important factor restricting the development of the national economy " , and proposed a railway artery construction strategy of " Warring Great Qin in the North, attacking Heng Guang in the south, and gaining East China " .
Leaping Development
In 2003, the Ministry of Railways to design a " push China Railway leaps and bounds " of the overall strategy presented in the " Eleventh Five-Year " period, the national railway operating mileage of 9.1 million km, rapid transportation network total size of 2 or more million km vision planning; proposed after the introduction of foreign advanced technology and high-speed trains for the implementation of the "long-term scientific and technological development plan (2006-2020 ) " requirements, to meet the new China railway development needs through innovation core technology of high-speed rail system Strategic objectives.
January 7th, 2004, the State Council executive meeting discussed and passed in principle "Long-term Scientific and Technological Development Plan (2006-2020) ," clearly the China railway network and long-term goal of building: to 2020 , the national railway business mileage of 10 million km, the main trunk busy passenger and freight sub-line, double-track rate and electrification rate were 50% , transport capacity to meet the needs of national economic and social development, the main technical equipment at or near the international advanced level.
January 12, 2005, the Ministry of Railways, said China has kicked off a large-scale railway construction, total investment will reach 5000 billion yuan.
April 18, 2007, China's sixth railway speed officially launched, CRH1 , CRH2 , CRH5 EMU massive run on the line, the train speed of 200 km / h. Among them, the speed of some sections of the Beijing-Harbin, Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Shanghai, and Jiaoji lines reached 250 km / h. Since then, China has entered the era of high-speed railways. In terms of freight, heavy-duty freight trains with a speed of 120 km / h and a load of 5,000 tons are operated on the existing speed-up trunk lines . Through this speed increase, China's railway passenger and freight transportation capacity increased by 18% and 12% respectively .
December 18-22th, 1978, the CPC convened the Third Plenary Session. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party opened a new chapter in the history of the party and the country. It was a great turning point in the history of our party since the founding of the People's Republic of China. The national economy has also entered a new period of development.
September 9-11th, 1982, the CPC second session of the Congress held in Beijing. The meeting pointed out that " rail transportation has become an important factor restricting the development of the national economy " , and proposed a railway artery construction strategy of " Warring Great Qin in the North, attacking Heng Guang in the south, and gaining East China " .
Leaping Development
In 2003, the Ministry of Railways to design a " push China Railway leaps and bounds " of the overall strategy presented in the " Eleventh Five-Year " period, the national railway operating mileage of 9.1 million km, rapid transportation network total size of 2 or more million km vision planning; proposed after the introduction of foreign advanced technology and high-speed trains for the implementation of the "long-term scientific and technological development plan (2006-2020 ) " requirements, to meet the new China railway development needs through innovation core technology of high-speed rail system Strategic objectives.
January 7th, 2004, the State Council executive meeting discussed and passed in principle "Long-term Scientific and Technological Development Plan (2006-2020) ," clearly the China railway network and long-term goal of building: to 2020 , the national railway business mileage of 10 million km, the main trunk busy passenger and freight sub-line, double-track rate and electrification rate were 50% , transport capacity to meet the needs of national economic and social development, the main technical equipment at or near the international advanced level.
January 12, 2005, the Ministry of Railways, said China has kicked off a large-scale railway construction, total investment will reach 5000 billion yuan.
April 18, 2007, China's sixth railway speed officially launched, CRH1 , CRH2 , CRH5 EMU massive run on the line, the train speed of 200 km / h. Among them, the speed of some sections of the Beijing-Harbin, Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Shanghai, and Jiaoji lines reached 250 km / h. Since then, China has entered the era of high-speed railways. In terms of freight, heavy-duty freight trains with a speed of 120 km / h and a load of 5,000 tons are operated on the existing speed-up trunk lines . Through this speed increase, China's railway passenger and freight transportation capacity increased by 18% and 12% respectively .
February 26, 2008, the Ministry of Science and the Ministry of Railways signed the "independent innovation, China high-speed train joint action plan cooperation agreement." Vigorously promote the development of China's standard EMUs, and promote the in- depth research and prototype development of key technologies for 30- ton axle load locomotives; promote the CRTSⅢ slab ballastless track, long and large complex bridges, train control systems, traction power supply , and 30- ton axles for high-speed railways Research on key technologies such as heavy-duty railway turnouts, sleepers, fasteners, ballastless track technology and evaluation and monitoring, a new generation of passenger ticketing systems, freight e-commerce systems, operation and maintenance.
August 1, 2008, China's first high-speed railway with independent intellectual property rights, international-class - Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway opened to traffic .
August 1, 2008, China's first high-speed railway with independent intellectual property rights, international-class - Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway opened to traffic .
At the same time, since April 18, 2007, the China Railway 6 after great speed the transfer plan open line CRH EMU train (including G, C, D three kinds of types of trips). CRH EMU has become the most popular term in China railways. Traveling by CRH EMU has become the first choice for passengers to travel via newly-built railways or between major cities. EMUs operating at speeds of more than 200 km/h on major trunk lines , 5,000 -ton freight trains operating in a large area, and a large number of advanced technical equipment have been put into use.
December 9, 2009, Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed rail trial run is successful, in 26 official carrier. The maximum operating speed is 394 miles / hour, and it can be reached within 3 hours from Wuhan to Guangzhou. The travel time between Wuhan and Guangzhou has been shortened from about 11 hours to about 3 hours. The direct travel time between Wuhan and Changsha only takes 1 hour, and the direct travel time between Changsha and Guangzhou only takes 2 hours. The Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway has become the fastest and most dense high-speed railway in the world. But also China's first 350 km / h high-speed rail line.
December 9, 2009, Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed rail trial run is successful, in 26 official carrier. The maximum operating speed is 394 miles / hour, and it can be reached within 3 hours from Wuhan to Guangzhou. The travel time between Wuhan and Guangzhou has been shortened from about 11 hours to about 3 hours. The direct travel time between Wuhan and Changsha only takes 1 hour, and the direct travel time between Changsha and Guangzhou only takes 2 hours. The Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway has become the fastest and most dense high-speed railway in the world. But also China's first 350 km / h high-speed rail line.
Since then, with the opening of the Qin-Shen Passenger Dedicated Line, the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway, the Shi-Tai Passenger Dedicated Line, the Wuhan-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line, the Zhengxi Passenger Dedicated Line, the Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Railway, and the Shanghai-Hangzhou Intercity Railway, a large number of speeds of 200, 250, 250/h EMUs of 300 and 350 km / h have been put into operation, marking that the speed-up level of China's existing railway lines has been among the world's advanced.
Transition from "Made in China" to "Created in China"
November 8, 2012, 18th CCP National Congress in Beijing. This conference is a very important meeting held by the party during the critical period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, deepening reform and opening up, and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. This has pointed out the direction for the transformation of China's railway construction from " Made in China " to " Created in China " .
December 1, 2012, the world's first alpine region is located in the high-speed rail line - Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway opened to traffic operations. The 921km Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway connects the major cities of the three northeastern provinces into one line. It only takes 4 hours and 40 minutes from Harbin to Dalian in winter . The " China Speed " of 200km/h in winter in the alpine region has attracted the attention of the world.
March, 2013, according to the motion of the Twelfth National People's Congress to consider the first meeting of the "State Council on the deliberation of the State Council reform and functional transformation program," the Ministry of Railways to develop the original development plans and policies assigned to administrative duties railway The Ministry of Transport; the establishment of the National Railway Administration, which is managed by the Ministry of Transport, and assumes other administrative duties of the Ministry of Railways; the establishment of the China Railway Corporation to assume the corporate responsibilities of the Ministry of Railways, and jointly manage China's railways. So far, the reform of separating railway government from enterprise has been successfully completed.
6:31am, on April 2, 2014, the test train full loaded with 3 million tons of coal with 4 traction electric locomotive, consist 320. units, in a total length of 3971 meters, by the originating station Beitongpu line Yuanshu Lin, through 12 is hours 25 points, 738.4 km run on the same day 18 Shi 56 minutes to reach the terminal safe and smooth Datong-Qinhuangdao line Yanagimura South station, 3 tonne heavy haul train operation test a success, achieved our heavy-duty railway train traction weight from 2 Wandun The leap to 30,000 tons has made China one of the few countries in the world that has mastered 30,000 tons of railway heavy-duty technology. This is a major breakthrough in China's railway heavy-haul technology innovation and a new milestone in the development of my country's railway heavy-haul transportation. It not only has important practical significance for improving the railway transportation capacity and meeting the increasing railway transportation demand, but also promotes the innovative development of my country's railway heavy-duty technology, and provides strong technical support for promoting the sustainable development of railways.
November 25, 2014, China CNR CRH5A EMU loading " Made in China " traction electric drive system and network control systems entered "5000 km positive line test " in the final stages. This was China’s first train to achieve traction electric drive system and network control system was completely independent innovation of high-speed EMU, marking the Chinese high-speed rail train core technology is being implemented by the " localization " to the " autonomy " of the changes, China's high-speed rail train was implemented by " The leap from " Made in China " to " Created in China ". It will vigorously enhance the core creative ability of China's high-speed rail trains and consolidate the confidence of China's high-speed rail to go global.
According to statistics, at the end of December, 2015, China's total railway operating mileage of 12.1 km, the largest in the first, second in the world Asia; high-speed railway which 1.9 million km, ranking first in the world, the national railway double-track rate and electrification The rates reached 53.5% and 61.8% respectively . High-speed rail as the backbone of the fast rail network will be basically completed, with a total size of up to 4 more million km.
From January 1, 2016, according to the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on reform and improve high-speed rail EMU passenger fare policy of" open high-speed rail motor car fare, change their own pricing by the railway company, and given under competitive market conditions Factors such as passenger flow distribution and other factors impose a certain discounted fare power. This means that the market-oriented railway enterprises have obtained the " high-speed rail pricing power . "
In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Transport, and China Railway Corporation jointly issued the " Medium and Long-term Railway Network Planning ", building the " eight vertical and eight horizontal " high-speed railway channels.
November 15, 2017, China Railway Corporation, owned 18 railway bureaus have been completed change of business registration corporate reform, and in 19 officially listed, marking the company's railway reform to achieve important results, the basic completion of the market transformation.
2018 Year is to implement the first year of nineteen spirit of the party's implementation is winning building a moderately prosperous society, to achieve " Thirteen Five " key planning nexus year, but also " transport power, railway first " start year. This year, the railway department lowered the ticket prices of some EMU trains on 28 intercity railways, with a discount of 20% . The train ticket prices have taken a big step towards a market-based mechanism.
December 6, 2018, the State Administration of market website publicity disclosure, "China National Railway Group Limited" company name has been approved; June 18, 2019, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. was formally established. This is an important step for China Railways to realize the transformation and development from a traditional transportation production enterprise to a modern transportation management enterprise.
Statistics from the Ministry of Transport show that 2018 year-end, the national railway operating mileage of 13.1 km, the national railway network density of 136.0 km / ten thousand square km; annual passenger traffic volume completed 33.75 million, of which EMU to send visitors 2.005 Billion people; to complete the national railway sent a total volume of cargo 40.26 million tons of total cargo turnover 28820.55 billion ton-km; Last year's railway fixed assets investment in 8028 yuan. At the same time, China's high-speed rail " going out " strategy has achieved remarkable results .
" Going out " strategy to show the world " China's name card "
In 2009, the Chinese government formally proposed a high-speed rail " going out " strategy, and initially set three strategic directions: Eurasian high-speed rail entering Europe through Russia; starting from Urumqi, passing through Central Asia and finally reaching Germany's Central Asia line; and Departing from Kunming, connecting Southeast Asian countries, reaching Singapore's Trans-Asian Railway network .
In fact, the exploration of China's railway " going out " can be traced back to the Tanzania-Zambia Railway in the 1970s . The railway is one of China's largest to date CFAP from China, Tanzania and Zambia 3 countries cooperate to build; October, 1970 under construction, the whole line was completed in July, 1976; TAZARA east Tanzania Dar Si Sala From the west to Kapirimbohi in central Zambia, it is 1,860.5 km in length . It is a major transportation artery that runs through East Africa and Central and South Africa. It is also the main artery of East Africa transportation, providing Zambia, Malawi and other landlocked countries The new sea channel has become a symbol of China-Africa friendship.
Then there is the China-Europe Express, which has caused a global sensation. The first column Central European trains ( Chongqing - Duisburg ) in November 19, 2011, successfully opening line. The China-Europe Express train departs from Tuanjiecun Station in Chongqing and exits from Alashankou in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It passes through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland and Duisburg Station in Germany. The total distance is about 11,000 km and the running time is about 15 days. Since then, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Suzhou, Guangzhou and other cities have successively opened container trains to Europe. According to national customs statistics, as of the end of June 2018, the cumulative number of China-Europe freight trains has exceeded 9,000, transporting nearly 800,000 TEUs, 48 domestic cities , reaching 42 cities in 14 European countries , and the transportation network covers Asia and Europe. The main area of the continent.
August, 2014, the Thai ruling authorities approved a railway project connecting China's Yunnan Province. The total cost of the project is about 741.4 billion baht ( approximately 143 billion yuan ) . Two high-speed railways are planned to be built , namely Nong Khai - Mata ( total length of 737 km, planned investment of 392.5 billion baht ) , Chiang Khong - Pha habitat ( total length of 655 km, plans to invest 3488 million baht ) railway line.
Since then, with the implementation of overseas projects such as the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, China-Laos high-speed railway, Hungary-Serbia railway, and the successive advancement of overseas projects such as Malaysia-Singapore high-speed railway and China-Thailand high-speed railway, China's high-speed railway " going out " strategy has achieved its expected goals. According to statistics from the China Railway Construction Agency, as of the end of 2017 , 83% of countries and regions with railways in the world are using China railway products.
January 1, 2018, Ethiopia to Djibouti standard gauge railway - Yaghi railway train commercial operation officially began operations. The railway is the first electrified railway in East Africa. It is constructed using Chinese standards and Chinese equipment. It has a total length of 751.7 km, a design speed of 120 km/h, and a total investment of approximately US$ 4 billion. It is the first all-industry built overseas by a Chinese company. The chain "going out" of the railway. After completion, the transportation time from Djibouti to Addis Ababa will be reduced from 7 days for road transportation to 10 hours.
May 15th, 2018, Jakarta, Indonesia million high-speed rail project was launched the main construction. The Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail is a landmark project jointly promoted by China and Indonesia under the " Silk and Road " initiative, and it is also the first order for China's high-speed rail to " go global ". The Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway has a total length of 142.3 km, connecting the capital of Indonesia, Jakarta and Bandung. After completion, the journey between the two places will be shortened from the current three hours to 40 minutes, which will effectively alleviate the local traffic pressure in Indonesia and optimize the local investment environment.
Information from China’s railway transportation department shows that, as of now, China’s high-speed rail "overseas territory " has not only expanded to dozens of countries on five continents including Asia, Europe, Africa, and the United States, but is also regarded by foreign students as the "China" that foreign students most want to take home. Specialties " .
April 9-13th, 2019 the 22th Mostar Fair held in the city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina International Exhibition Center, China Railway first time exhibitors, number revival, Central Trains brilliant debut at the show, China" "National Business Card " attracted a large number of audiences and was widely praised.
Transition from "Made in China" to "Created in China"
November 8, 2012, 18th CCP National Congress in Beijing. This conference is a very important meeting held by the party during the critical period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, deepening reform and opening up, and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. This has pointed out the direction for the transformation of China's railway construction from " Made in China " to " Created in China " .
December 1, 2012, the world's first alpine region is located in the high-speed rail line - Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway opened to traffic operations. The 921km Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway connects the major cities of the three northeastern provinces into one line. It only takes 4 hours and 40 minutes from Harbin to Dalian in winter . The " China Speed " of 200km/h in winter in the alpine region has attracted the attention of the world.
March, 2013, according to the motion of the Twelfth National People's Congress to consider the first meeting of the "State Council on the deliberation of the State Council reform and functional transformation program," the Ministry of Railways to develop the original development plans and policies assigned to administrative duties railway The Ministry of Transport; the establishment of the National Railway Administration, which is managed by the Ministry of Transport, and assumes other administrative duties of the Ministry of Railways; the establishment of the China Railway Corporation to assume the corporate responsibilities of the Ministry of Railways, and jointly manage China's railways. So far, the reform of separating railway government from enterprise has been successfully completed.
6:31am, on April 2, 2014, the test train full loaded with 3 million tons of coal with 4 traction electric locomotive, consist 320. units, in a total length of 3971 meters, by the originating station Beitongpu line Yuanshu Lin, through 12 is hours 25 points, 738.4 km run on the same day 18 Shi 56 minutes to reach the terminal safe and smooth Datong-Qinhuangdao line Yanagimura South station, 3 tonne heavy haul train operation test a success, achieved our heavy-duty railway train traction weight from 2 Wandun The leap to 30,000 tons has made China one of the few countries in the world that has mastered 30,000 tons of railway heavy-duty technology. This is a major breakthrough in China's railway heavy-haul technology innovation and a new milestone in the development of my country's railway heavy-haul transportation. It not only has important practical significance for improving the railway transportation capacity and meeting the increasing railway transportation demand, but also promotes the innovative development of my country's railway heavy-duty technology, and provides strong technical support for promoting the sustainable development of railways.
November 25, 2014, China CNR CRH5A EMU loading " Made in China " traction electric drive system and network control systems entered "5000 km positive line test " in the final stages. This was China’s first train to achieve traction electric drive system and network control system was completely independent innovation of high-speed EMU, marking the Chinese high-speed rail train core technology is being implemented by the " localization " to the " autonomy " of the changes, China's high-speed rail train was implemented by " The leap from " Made in China " to " Created in China ". It will vigorously enhance the core creative ability of China's high-speed rail trains and consolidate the confidence of China's high-speed rail to go global.
According to statistics, at the end of December, 2015, China's total railway operating mileage of 12.1 km, the largest in the first, second in the world Asia; high-speed railway which 1.9 million km, ranking first in the world, the national railway double-track rate and electrification The rates reached 53.5% and 61.8% respectively . High-speed rail as the backbone of the fast rail network will be basically completed, with a total size of up to 4 more million km.
From January 1, 2016, according to the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on reform and improve high-speed rail EMU passenger fare policy of" open high-speed rail motor car fare, change their own pricing by the railway company, and given under competitive market conditions Factors such as passenger flow distribution and other factors impose a certain discounted fare power. This means that the market-oriented railway enterprises have obtained the " high-speed rail pricing power . "
In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Transport, and China Railway Corporation jointly issued the " Medium and Long-term Railway Network Planning ", building the " eight vertical and eight horizontal " high-speed railway channels.
November 15, 2017, China Railway Corporation, owned 18 railway bureaus have been completed change of business registration corporate reform, and in 19 officially listed, marking the company's railway reform to achieve important results, the basic completion of the market transformation.
2018 Year is to implement the first year of nineteen spirit of the party's implementation is winning building a moderately prosperous society, to achieve " Thirteen Five " key planning nexus year, but also " transport power, railway first " start year. This year, the railway department lowered the ticket prices of some EMU trains on 28 intercity railways, with a discount of 20% . The train ticket prices have taken a big step towards a market-based mechanism.
December 6, 2018, the State Administration of market website publicity disclosure, "China National Railway Group Limited" company name has been approved; June 18, 2019, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. was formally established. This is an important step for China Railways to realize the transformation and development from a traditional transportation production enterprise to a modern transportation management enterprise.
Statistics from the Ministry of Transport show that 2018 year-end, the national railway operating mileage of 13.1 km, the national railway network density of 136.0 km / ten thousand square km; annual passenger traffic volume completed 33.75 million, of which EMU to send visitors 2.005 Billion people; to complete the national railway sent a total volume of cargo 40.26 million tons of total cargo turnover 28820.55 billion ton-km; Last year's railway fixed assets investment in 8028 yuan. At the same time, China's high-speed rail " going out " strategy has achieved remarkable results .
" Going out " strategy to show the world " China's name card "
In 2009, the Chinese government formally proposed a high-speed rail " going out " strategy, and initially set three strategic directions: Eurasian high-speed rail entering Europe through Russia; starting from Urumqi, passing through Central Asia and finally reaching Germany's Central Asia line; and Departing from Kunming, connecting Southeast Asian countries, reaching Singapore's Trans-Asian Railway network .
In fact, the exploration of China's railway " going out " can be traced back to the Tanzania-Zambia Railway in the 1970s . The railway is one of China's largest to date CFAP from China, Tanzania and Zambia 3 countries cooperate to build; October, 1970 under construction, the whole line was completed in July, 1976; TAZARA east Tanzania Dar Si Sala From the west to Kapirimbohi in central Zambia, it is 1,860.5 km in length . It is a major transportation artery that runs through East Africa and Central and South Africa. It is also the main artery of East Africa transportation, providing Zambia, Malawi and other landlocked countries The new sea channel has become a symbol of China-Africa friendship.
Then there is the China-Europe Express, which has caused a global sensation. The first column Central European trains ( Chongqing - Duisburg ) in November 19, 2011, successfully opening line. The China-Europe Express train departs from Tuanjiecun Station in Chongqing and exits from Alashankou in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It passes through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland and Duisburg Station in Germany. The total distance is about 11,000 km and the running time is about 15 days. Since then, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Suzhou, Guangzhou and other cities have successively opened container trains to Europe. According to national customs statistics, as of the end of June 2018, the cumulative number of China-Europe freight trains has exceeded 9,000, transporting nearly 800,000 TEUs, 48 domestic cities , reaching 42 cities in 14 European countries , and the transportation network covers Asia and Europe. The main area of the continent.
August, 2014, the Thai ruling authorities approved a railway project connecting China's Yunnan Province. The total cost of the project is about 741.4 billion baht ( approximately 143 billion yuan ) . Two high-speed railways are planned to be built , namely Nong Khai - Mata ( total length of 737 km, planned investment of 392.5 billion baht ) , Chiang Khong - Pha habitat ( total length of 655 km, plans to invest 3488 million baht ) railway line.
Since then, with the implementation of overseas projects such as the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, China-Laos high-speed railway, Hungary-Serbia railway, and the successive advancement of overseas projects such as Malaysia-Singapore high-speed railway and China-Thailand high-speed railway, China's high-speed railway " going out " strategy has achieved its expected goals. According to statistics from the China Railway Construction Agency, as of the end of 2017 , 83% of countries and regions with railways in the world are using China railway products.
January 1, 2018, Ethiopia to Djibouti standard gauge railway - Yaghi railway train commercial operation officially began operations. The railway is the first electrified railway in East Africa. It is constructed using Chinese standards and Chinese equipment. It has a total length of 751.7 km, a design speed of 120 km/h, and a total investment of approximately US$ 4 billion. It is the first all-industry built overseas by a Chinese company. The chain "going out" of the railway. After completion, the transportation time from Djibouti to Addis Ababa will be reduced from 7 days for road transportation to 10 hours.
May 15th, 2018, Jakarta, Indonesia million high-speed rail project was launched the main construction. The Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail is a landmark project jointly promoted by China and Indonesia under the " Silk and Road " initiative, and it is also the first order for China's high-speed rail to " go global ". The Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway has a total length of 142.3 km, connecting the capital of Indonesia, Jakarta and Bandung. After completion, the journey between the two places will be shortened from the current three hours to 40 minutes, which will effectively alleviate the local traffic pressure in Indonesia and optimize the local investment environment.
Information from China’s railway transportation department shows that, as of now, China’s high-speed rail "overseas territory " has not only expanded to dozens of countries on five continents including Asia, Europe, Africa, and the United States, but is also regarded by foreign students as the "China" that foreign students most want to take home. Specialties " .
April 9-13th, 2019 the 22th Mostar Fair held in the city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina International Exhibition Center, China Railway first time exhibitors, number revival, Central Trains brilliant debut at the show, China" "National Business Card " attracted a large number of audiences and was widely praised.
